Сталінська, І. В. та Stalinska, I. V. (2019) ЗАБЕЗБЕЧЕННЯ ЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ЗНЕЗАРАЖЕННЯ ПИТНОЇ ВОДИ МЕТОДОМ ХЛОРУВАННЯ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ М. ХАРКОВА). Вісник Національного університету водного господарства та природокористування (1(85)). с. 92-106.

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Анотація

В статті проаналізована проблема знезараження питної води методом хлорування в Україні (на прикладі м. Харкова). Доведено, що основний недолік хлорування полягає в утворені так званих тригалометанів та діоксинів. Запропонована технологічна схема знезараження водопровідної води гіпохлоритом натрію спільно з подальшою обробкою води УФ-опроміненням. Порівняно експлуатаційні витрати за двома методами знезараження.

Title in English

PROVIDING ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY DISINFECTION OF DRINKING WATER BY CLORINATION (FOR EXAMPLE KHARKOV)

English abstract

At the moment, there has been a tense situation with providing Ukrainian population with benign drinking water. Unlike European countries, in Ukraine and today, the traditional method of chlorination is still widely used to disinfect tap water, the most economical and effective method of disinfection of drinking water in comparison with any other well-known methods. The main criterion for drinking water quality is its impact on human health. The problem of disinfection of drinking water by chlorination method in Ukraine, using the example of Kharkiv, was analyzed in the article. The main disadvantage of chlorination is the formation of so-called trihalomethanes and dioxins were proved. Unfortunately, in the process of decontamination of drinking water, dioxins are not controlled and not degraded, which gives an occasion to say that these poisons come into the population with drinking water. This greatly increases the risk of various diseases, including oncological ones. Chlorine is practically the only reagent capable of protecting water from bacteria and microbes not only at the time of filtration, but also during its passage through tap water pipes. But unlike in Ukraine, European countries are concerned about minimizing the harmful effects of chlorine application. There are two main methods of solving the problem of the formation of by-products during chlorination: the use of combined methods of decontamination (to reduce the amount of chlorine used); the preliminary removal of organic impurities before chlorination. To reduce the amount of chlorine involved in the process of disinfecting water, along with chlorination, apply ozonization, or other disinfectants and UV treatment. The technological scheme of disinfection of tap water with sodium hypochlorite with the further treatment of water with ultraviolet was proposed. Operating costs for two methods of disinfection of drinking water were comparative.

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