Мeльник, Л. М. та Дума, В. Л. та Яковчук, О. В. та Melnyk, L. M. та Duma, V. L. та Yakovchuk, O. V. (2020) РОЛЬ ЗАОЩАДЖЕНЬ НАСЕЛЕННЯ У ФОРМУВАННІ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ КРАЇНИ. Вісник Національного університету водного господарства та природокористування (4(92)). с. 196-206.

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Анотація

В статті розглянуто теоретико-методичні аспекти формування інвестиційного потенціалу країни. Виокремлено внутрішні, зовнішні та змішані джерела формування інвестиційних ресурсів. Визначено сутність заощаджень населення та проведено їх класифікацію залежно від форм і фінансових інструментів. Проаналізовано передумови формування ощадної поведінки населення. Досліджено структуру капітальних інвестицій за джерелами фінансування. Надано пропозиції щодо покращення механізму формування заощаджень населення задля розширення інвестиційного потенціалу країни.

Title in English

ROLE OF POPULATION SAVINGS IN THE FORMATION OF THE INVESTMENT POTENTIAL OF THE COUNTRY

English abstract

The solution to the problem of forming internal sources of investment is impossible without the mobilization of free monetary resources of the population. Therefore, the urgent task facing the domestic economy is the accumulation of free money of the population, the development of an effective mechanism for their transformation into an investment resource to ensure long-term lending to the manufacturing sector. The purpose of this article is to substantiate the theoretical and practical principles of the formation of savings and their impact on the investment potential of the country. The article considers the theoretical and methodological aspects of the formation of the investment potential of the country, which means the process of formation and effective use of own and attracted investment resources. Internal, external and mixed sources of investment resources formation are singled out. It is determined that the savings of the population are part of the income that remains in the form of temporarily free money after the implementation of consumer spending. It is noted that savings should be considered as capital that is used to increase income in the future. The classification of savings depending on the forms (organized and unorganized) and financial instruments. Financial instruments in the organized form of savings include bank deposits, government and corporate securities, insurance policies, investment fund certificates, pension contracts. The preconditions for the formation of frugal behavior of the population are analyzed and it is established that the need for investment resources is growing in the country and there are opportunities to meet this need at the expense of domestic sources. The structure of capital investments by sources of financing is investigated. It is determined that the largest share of capital investments is financed by own funds of enterprises and bank loans. The dynamics of the main bank reserves has been analyzed and the degree of security of credit funds by deposits has been determined. Proposals to improve the mechanism of population savings in order to increase the country’s investment potential have been provided.

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