Ткачук, О. А. та Ярута, Я. В. та Tkachuk, O. A. та Yaruta, Y. V. (2021) МІСТОБУДІВНА ОЦІНКА СПОРУД РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ДОЩОВОГО СТОКУ В УМОВАХ МІСЬКОЇ ЗАБУДОВИ. Вісник Національного університету водного господарства та природокористування (2(94)). с. 8-19.

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Анотація

Проаналізовано основні причин затоплень і підтоплень місь- ких територій, аспекти розвитку поверхневого водовідведення у містах України. Наведено містобудівні фактори вибору споруди регулювання дощового стоку. Визначено критерії містобудівної оцінки. Показано шляхи вирішення проблем підвищення ефективності систем поверхневого водовідведення. Наведено основні ознаки, за якими визначаються споруди регулювання дощового стоку на міській території.

Title in English

URBAN ASSESSMENT OF RAIN RUNOFF REGULATION STRUCTURES IN THE CONDITIONS OF URBAN BUILDING

English abstract

The main causes of flooding of urban areas, which are related to climate change, are analyzed. Climate change has led to an increase in the intensity of rains and their duration. Another reason is urban planning factors. They are due to imperfect design and maintenance of areas and structures of surface drainage. The purpose of this article is to determine the environmental and technological aspects of the efficiency of surface drainage in urban areas. Also, the definition of the main urban planning factors that influence the choice of the structure of rainwater runoff regulation. The urban planning factors of the choice of the structure of rain runoff regulation are given. The main aspects of surface drainage development in the cities of Ukraine are studied. The main idea of the development of surface drainage systems should be an integrated approach. This is a combination of drainage collectors with their connection to modern methods of surface runoff regulation. This solution will reduce the load on the drainage network. The ways of solving the problems of increasing the efficiency of surface drainage systems are shown. The analysis shows that the effective operation of surface drainage systems involves the comprehensive application of measures for organized collection and disposal of surface water; regulation of rain runoff in urban areas; surface runoff treatment before discharge into reservoirs. Criteria of urban planning assessment (natural-climatic, hydrogeological territorial, infrastructural, urban planning) are determined. Urban planning assessment of rainwater runoff regulation structures is carried out in stages. The following stages are given. The main features that determine the structures of rainwater runoff regulation in the urban area are described. The locations of rainwater runoff regulation structures are analyzed. Such areas depend on the type of territory of the city where the building will be located; from the functional purpose of this area. Territories allocated for such a structure must be free from construction, etc. It is best to use filtration structures that are connected to the drainage network to regulate surface runoff. Such a structure is an infiltration basin. The main characteristics and structural scheme of the infiltration basin are given. An example of the location of infiltration basins in the city is shown.

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