Zhalgsuly, N. та Ismailova, A. та Uaysuly, N. та Isagali, M. та Ismailova, O. (2024) TECHNOLOGY FOR OBTAINING BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE HUMIC PREPARATIONS FROM BROWN COAL. UNIVERSITAS Publishing. с. 143-179.

Text 9 (1).pdf Download(477kB)

English abstract

The Republic of Kazakhstan belongs to the desert zone, and the steppe belt to the third reclamation zone with regimes and methods of irrigation characteristic of each of them. Desert soils are intensively used for the cultivation of zoned agricul- tural varieties. Large agricultural areas are degraded due to soil salinity. The conse- quences of the dried-up bottom of the Aral Sea and toxic emissions from rockets from the Baikonur Cosmodrome negatively affect agricultural yields. An example is the use of piedmont sloping proluvial-alluvial plains where winter and spring wheat crops are located. Grain crops are cultivated mainly in unsecured rainfed areas with an annual rainfall of 200-250 mm, in the zone of semi-sufficient rainfed areas (400 mm) and only about 10% - in irrigated agriculture Since the water resources of the arid regions of the south and south-east of Ka- zakhstan are close to exhaustion, it is obvious that the most promising measure for further increasing the production of grain and other agricultural products compared to their current level is the use of special agro-reclamation techniques on the fields on a humic basis, increasing the environmental plant resistance. The purpose of this work is to develop a technology for producing a plant growth stimulant drug from Kazakhstani brown coals with a low degree of meta- morphism and to experimentally confirm its effectiveness in increasing the yield of cultivated plants on low-productive soils. The results of testing a sample of the drug and agricultural practices on various types of low-productive soils are presented. The biotesting method was used to determine the concentrations of aqueous so- lutions of a humic preparation for treating agricultural seeds, technological parame- ters for preparing seeds for sowing (duration of treatment with a humic preparation, seed storage, drying), and to determine the optimal conditions for sowing seeds into the soil (humidity, temperature, salinity, etc.). Laboratory experiments were carried out according to the method of B.P. Strog- anov; the seeds of rice, wheat, barley, soybeans, sorghum and corn were studied, which were germinated in a thermostat in fivefold repetition on highly saline and non-saline soil substrates in accordance with the requirements of GOST (GOST 10250-80, GOST 12038-84). In conclusion, it can be noted that the effectiveness of the preparation from coal increases the yield of grain crops, which reaches 24.2 - 42.1%, rice 76.2 - 78.6%, and soybeans - 34.8%. on low-productive soils with a salinity level of 0.8 – 2.2%.

Перегляд елементу

Завантажень