Янчук, О. Є. та Трохимець, С. М. та Панчук, Ю. М. та Прохоренко, М. В. (2024) АНАЛІЗ ТОЧНОСТІ ОБЧИСЛЕННЯ ОБ’ЄМІВ ЗЕМЛЯНИХ МАС СПЕЦІАЛІЗОВАНИМИ ПРОГРАМНИМИ ЗАСОБАМИ. Вісник Національного університету водного господарства та природокористування (3(107)). с. 432-444.

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Анотація

Проаналізовано нормативні документи, що регламентують точність визначення об’ємів земляних робіт. Обрано 10 геометричних фігур, для яких розраховано еталонний об’єм за геометричними формулами. Обчислено об’єми цих фігур з використанням програмного забезпечення AutoCAD Civil 3D, GeoniCS, Digitals та ArcGis з використанням TIN та GRID способів представлення поверхонь. Наведено деякі рекомендації стосовно підвищення точності визначення об’ємів земляних мас.

Title in English

ANALYSIS OF THE ACCURACY OF EARTHWORK VOLUME CALCULATIONS USING SPECIALIZED SOFTWARE

English abstract

The regulatory documents governing the accuracy of earthwork volume determination were analyzed. The methodology and accuracy of earthwork volume determination are regulated by building codes and state standards, primarily in the fields of construction and mine surveying. Ten geometric figures were selected for which reference volumes were calculated using geometric formulas. The figures range from simple to complex shapes – rectangular parallelepiped, triangular prism, truncated pyramid, and their combinations. Additional variations were considered, including rotation of the faces relative to coordinate axes, inclination of the bottom face relative to the horizon, and the presence of a pit on the top surface of the truncated pyramid. The volumes of these figures were calculated using AutoCAD Civil 3D, GeoniCS, Digitals, and ArcGIS software, employing both TIN and GRID methods for surface representation. It was established that all the software products reviewed could yield comparable accuracy results, provided certain specifics are taken into account. For software that offers multiple methods for volume calculation, accuracy levels are provided for each method. Some recommendations are provided for improving the accuracy of earthwork volume determination by using breaklines and working with overhanging surfaces. For overhanging surfaces, it is advisable to divide the object into separate figures and calculate the volume of each individually or try to rotate the object to minimize overhang. It may be recommended to invert the section containing the overhanging part. Based on the results obtained, it is not recommended to use GRID-based surface methods for volume calculations, where deviations can reach up to 30%. These errors can be minimized by reducing the cell size and/or using breaklines. All reviewed software products can yield comparable accuracy results within 0.05% – AutoCAD/GeoniCS (prism method); AutoCAD Civil 3D; Digitals (based on TIN surfaces); ArcGIS (Surface Difference). Slightly lower accuracy (with deviations up to 0.5%) is seen with AutoCAD/GeoniCS (squares method) and ArcGIS (Cut/Fill). Exceptions include cases with vertical slopes or where the upper surface overhangs the lower surface, where deviations may increase to 3%.

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