Трач, Р. В. та Trach, R. V. (2019) ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ МЕТОДІВ ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ ДЛЯ ВИРІШЕННЯ ЗАВДАНЬ ПРОЕКТНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ. Вісник Національного університету водного господарства та природокористування (1(85)). с. 178-188.

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Анотація

В статті проаналізовано розвиток теорії та методології поняття «оптимальності», класифіковано наявні методи оптимізації за напрямком завдань, що вирішуються та за критерієм наявності у методі стохастичності. Описано деякі з стохастичних методів оптимізації (алгоритм імітації відпалу, метод рою часток, алгоритм колонії мурах, генетичний алгоритм) придатних для вирішення задач з оптимізації організаційної структури проекту.

Title in English

APPLICATION OF OPTIMIZATION METHODS FOR SOLVING PROJECT MANAGEMENT TASKS

English abstract

Companies have to look permanently for new strategies and tools to improve processes, decrease cost and increase productivity and efficiency. Projects are one of the basic means by which a company achieves its competitive advantage and successful business operations. Among all success criteria, factors and frameworks, quality, costs and time remain the most important ones. They are also interdependent, especially in the field of project scheduling, which is our major research field. Modern construction projects, especially large ones, require a wide range of participants. Taking into account the large number of project participants, it becomes very important to optimize the cooperation between them. Recent researchers found that very often increasing of participants of construction project increases the cost and duration of construction. Integrated Project Delivery use and the formation of the network organization structure can significantly save costs, as the activities of the participants become more coherent and coordinated; it also allows reducing time for planning, construction and coordination. As a result, the impact of costs and time factors on all (or most) participants of the network reduce, which are the basic criteria for increasing the value of the project. The optimality of decisions essentially depends on the efficiency of the negotiation process, which in turn depends on the organizational structure of investment and construction industry. Much research has been done on project success and performance. Although metrics and checklists have merit, each project is unique and thus distinct approaches are needed to optimize complex projects’ performance. The article analyzes the development theory and methodology concept of "optimality". The classification available optimization methods was carried out according to direction of the tasks being solved and according to the criterion presence in method stochasticity. Some stochastic optimization methods are described (Simulated annealing, Particle Swarm Optimization, Ant Colony Optimization, Genetic Algorithm), which are used to solve problems in optimizing project organizational structure.

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