Скаковська, С. С. та Skakovska, S. S. (2020) АНАЛІЗ ЕКОНОМІКО-ЕКОЛОГІЧНОГО СТАНУ РЕГІОНІВ УКРАЇНИ. Вісник Національного університету водного господарства та природокористування (4(92)). с. 334-347.

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Анотація

Екологічну ситуацію в Україні, яка склалась на сьогодні, можна охарактеризувати як кризову. Вона формувалася протягом тривалого періоду через недотримання законів розвитку і відтворення природно-ресурсного потенціалу, перевага надавалася розвитку в Україні сировинно-видобувних, найбільш екологічно небезпечних галузей промислового комплексу. Значні зміни, які відбувалися у структурі народного господарства, не призвели до зменшення антропогенного впливу на довкілля.

Title in English

ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC AND THE ECOLOGICAL CONDITION OF THE REGIONS OF UKRAINE

English abstract

Ukraine is characterized by a high share of resource-intensive and energy-intensive technologies, the implementation and expansion of which was carried without the installation of the necessary treatment facilities and equipment. Atmospheric air. In 2017 the Southern and Central regions were characterized by the largest volumes of pollutants into the atmosphere, from stationary sources among the regions of Ukraine. In the Southern region they amounted to 1,019.1 thousand tons, which is 8.5 times more than the same year’s emissions in the Northern region. Flora and forest resources. According to the State Agency of Forest Resources, there is a cyclical nature of illegal logging cases, which is inextricably linked by rising or falling levels of economic activities in Ukraine. The number of officially recorded violations are the largest in the Northern (3484 units) and Western (2706 units) regions; the smallest – in the Southern region. At the first place in the numbers of recorded illegal logging in Rivne region (1676 units). A significant number of illegal logging is recorded in Lviv, Volyn and Ivano-Frankivsk regions. The lowest number (less than 40 units) – in the Mykolaiv area. Water resources. Releases of pollutants from industrial enterprises and municipal services, also runoffs from agricultural areas and territories occupied by landfills, have a significant negative impact on water bodies. The largest % of polluted water in the total amount of water discharged into water bodies are observed in the North – 30% and Central – 27.4% of the regions. At the first place in terms of a number of polluted centres are the Central region (61 units). Land resources. The level of ploughing of the state territory is very high – over 54%. The actual forest cover of the Ukraine territory is only 16%, which is not enough to ensure ecological balance. Level of agricultural ploughing lands is highest in the Southern, Central and Eastern regions, where it exceeds 70%. Minerals. The largest number of facilities for the extraction of mineral resources in Ukraine located in the East (965 sites) and the South (565 sites). The task is to form an economic-organizational mechanism, which would contribute to its rationalization, accelerated the socio-economic growth of the regions, ensured the social efficiency of the use of components of "natural capital" in the reproduction process.

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