Козішкурт, С. М. та Турченюк, В. О. та Гопчак, І. В. (2022) ВОДА І ВІЙНА: НЕБЕЗПЕКА СЬОГОДНІ І ЗАВТРА. Вісник Національного університету водного господарства та природокористування (2(98)). с. 71-79.

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Анотація

Повномасштабне російське вторгнення наносить непоправної шкоди довкіллю, зокрема водним ресурсам. Вже завтра нас очікують дефіцит води через пошкоджену водну інфраструктуру, кліматичні зміни та відновлення подачі води на Крим. Насамперед у південно-східних регіонах України, які є найменш забезпеченими водними ресурсами, проте вони є найбільшими водоспоживачами. Водночас із нестачею води загострюються проблеми через забруднення поверхневих і підземних вод, придатних для використання в побуті або сільському господарстві. А порушення водного режиму на зрошуваних землях призведе до погіршення сольового режиму ґрунтів та їхньої деградації. Сьогодні водна безпека виходить на передній план у боротьбі за незалежність нашої країни.

Title in English

WATER AND WAR: DANGER TODAY AND TOMORROW

English abstract

Russia's war against Ukraine is causing irreparable damage to the environment and, in particular, to water resources. The occupiers deliberately and purposefully attack the water infrastructure, hazardous waste warehouses, dams, and conduct military operations in the waters of the seas. So, "water terrorism" is added to crimes against humanity. As a result of recent hostilities, many dangerous ecological and epidemiological situations have arisen in the greater territory of Ukraine, and the destroyed water management infrastructure increases potential threats. The destruction of water supply and drainage systems threatens the emergency pollution of rivers, which are sources of water for the population and industrial enterprises. Untreated discharges will lead to eutrophication of water intakes and in crease the risk of infectious diseases, including cholera. Such a threat increases in the places of spontaneous burials of the dead. Destroyed oil depots, tailings and landfills pollute surface and underground waters. Rocket and artillery explosions release toxic compounds that cause acid rain, which changes the pH of soil and water. The destruction of ships and port infrastructure pollutes the waters of the Black and Azov seas with oil products and poisonous substances. Largescale fires additionally pollute air, soil and water. The destruction of dams causes the loss of valuable fresh water and the flooding of adjacent areas. The State Water Resources Agency monitors the situation and collects information on destroyed or damaged water infrastructure facilities. Diagnostics of the state of river basins should show the direct and indirect impact of military actions on water ecosystems and present evidence of war crimes committed by Russia against the environment for further assessment and compensation of the damage and losses. The war that Russia started against Ukraine is not political, but invasive in nature. This is manifested both in the seizure of land and in the theft of water resources. One of the reasons for the start of hostilities is the "war for water" to solve the problem of water supply in Crimea. In conditions of global warming, the theft of water by the occupation authorities causes the deterioration of the water supply in the southern and eastern regions of Ukraine and leads to catastrophic losses of the agricultural harvest. And the violation of the water regime on irrigated lands will lead to the deterioration of the saline regime of the soils and their degradation. Today, water security comes to the fore in the struggle for the independence of our country.

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